What Causes Ear Infections

What Causes Ear Infections?

By Dr. Hardeman, Owner & Founder of BigWave Drops

Ear infections are a common yet frustrating health issue that affects both children and adults. As the founder of BigWave Drops, I’ve spent years studying ear health and how we can better protect our ears, especially for those who love the ocean and water-based activities. Understanding the causes of ear infections is key to prevention and effective treatment.

The Anatomy of an Ear Infection

An ear infection, or otitis media, occurs when bacteria or viruses cause inflammation and fluid buildup behind the eardrum. This can lead to pain, hearing difficulties, and even balance issues. Infections can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-lasting and recurrent).

Common Causes of Ear Infections

1. Bacterial or Viral Infections

   • Many ear infections stem from respiratory illnesses like the common cold or flu. The infection can spread from the throat and nasal passages to the middle ear, leading to inflammation.

2. Water Exposure (Swimmer’s Ear)

   • For ocean lovers and swimmers, excess moisture in the ear can create an environment where bacteria thrive. This is known as otitis externa or swimmer’s ear.

3. Allergies and Sinus Issues

   • Allergic reactions and sinus congestion can cause swelling in the eustachian tubes (which connect the middle ear to the back of the throat), preventing proper drainage and increasing the risk of infection.

4. Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

   • The eustachian tubes help regulate pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear. If these tubes become blocked due to colds, sinus infections, or allergies, fluid can accumulate, creating a breeding ground for bacteria.

5. Exposure to Irritants

   • Smoking, air pollution, and even harsh chemicals in some pools can irritate the ear canal and make infections more likely.

6. Weakened Immune System

   • People with compromised immune systems, including young children and the elderly, are more susceptible to infections in general, including ear infections.

Preventing Ear Infections

• Keep Your Ears Dry: Use earplugs or a drying solution like BigWave Drops after swimming or showering to prevent excess moisture buildup.

• Maintain Good Hygiene: Regular handwashing helps prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses that can lead to infections.

• Manage Allergies and Sinus Issues: Treating allergies and keeping nasal passages clear can reduce the likelihood of eustachian tube blockages.

• Avoid Smoking and Pollutants: Protect your ears by staying away from secondhand smoke and environmental irritants.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While many ear infections resolve on their own, severe or persistent pain, fever, drainage from the ear, or hearing loss should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. In some cases, antibiotics or other treatments may be necessary.

At BigWave Drops, we are passionate about keeping ears healthy—especially for those who love the water as much as we do. By understanding what causes ear infections, we can take proactive steps to prevent them and enjoy a life free from ear pain and discomfort.

Stay safe, stay dry, and keep your ears happy!

— Dr. Hardeman